Turkey has more to see than any one trip can fit — but some experiences are essential. If you’re visiting for the first time, start with these ten.

1. Explore Hagia Sophia and Sultanahmet

Start where Istanbul’s story began. Hagia Sophia, the Blue Mosque, Topkapı Palace and the Basilica Cistern sit within a few minutes’ walk of each other in the old city. Go early to beat the queues. Istanbul guide

2. Cruise the Bosphorus

Hop on a public ferry or a sightseeing cruise between Europe and Asia, past waterside palaces, mansions and fortresses. Sunset sailings are especially memorable.

3. Float over Cappadocia at sunrise

Hundreds of hot-air balloons rise over the fairy chimneys most mornings. Book a licensed operator, and stay in a cave hotel for the full experience. Cappadocia guide

4. Walk the marble streets of Ephesus

One of the best-preserved ancient cities in the Mediterranean, with the Library of Celsus and a 25,000-seat theatre. Ephesus guide

5. Paddle the white terraces of Pamukkale

Take your shoes off and walk the warm travertine pools, then explore the Roman spa city of Hierapolis above. Pamukkale guide

6. Swim in the Blue Lagoon at Ölüdeniz

Calm turquoise water, pine-covered mountains and paragliders drifting overhead — Turkey’s most famous beach view. Fethiye & Ölüdeniz guide

7. Sail the Turquoise Coast on a gulet

Spend a day, or a week, on a traditional wooden boat, swimming in hidden bays between Bodrum, Marmaris, Fethiye and Kaş.

8. Get scrubbed in a Turkish hammam

A warm marble room, a vigorous scrub and a foam massage: a ritual that has refreshed travellers for centuries. Read our hammam guide

9. Haggle in the Grand Bazaar

Thousands of shops under painted vaults sell carpets, lamps, ceramics and spices. Then head down to the Spice Bazaar by the water. What to buy

10. Visit Troy and Gallipoli

Stand where Homer’s legend was set, then pay your respects at the Gallipoli battlefields and memorials — an important visit for many British and Irish families. Çanakkale guide

New to Turkey? Read visiting Turkey for the first time for practical tips before you go.